We conclude that 1) the increased leptin in exacerbated UC is related to the increased serum proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 levels; 2) In patients with infectious diarrhea, the concentrations of leptin in intestinal mucosa correlates with serum concentrations of cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α and with an increased expression of leptin mRNA in intestinal mucosa but not with alterations in serum levels of this hormone; 3) leptin may serve as useful predictive marker of inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
IL-1 beta mRNA levels were highest in active UC and noninflammatory bowel disease inflammatory specimens while IL-6 mRNA levels were highest in active IBD specimens.
Oscillibacter abundance was significantly positively correlated with IL-6 and IL-1β levels and pathological score, and Oscillibacter was increased in UC mice.
It is found that the anti-UC activities are mainly focused on targeting inflammation or oxidative stress, which is associated with increasing the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-4, IL-10, SOD), suppressing the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-23, NF-κB, NO), reducing the activity of MPO, MDA, IFN-γ, and iNOS.
In vitro studies revealed that <i>Trim58</i><sup>-/-</sup> myeloid cells, which showed constitutive upregulation of TLR2 protein, overreacted to a proinflammatory milieu (TNF-α and IFN-γ) with increased IL-1β protein production, which mechanistically depended on <i>Tlr2</i> Finally, we found that TRIM58 mRNA and protein expression levels were reduced in colonic specimens from patients with ulcerative colitis.
Compared with that in the DSS group, FMT ameliorated the severity of inflammation due to ulcerative colitis in mice, which was accompanied by a significantly decreased MPO activity, reduced levels of TNF-α and IL-1β, and an increased level of IL-10 in colon tissue (all P<0.05).
Probiotic administration in patients with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis is associated with expansion of mucosal regulatory cells.
The increased mRNA expression for IL-1 beta, IL-6, and TNF alpha in the mucosal lesions of UC indicates that these inflammatory cytokines may play important roles in the pathogenesis of UC.
We found that the patients suffered ulcerative colitis had high serum SDC1 levels,presented with increased levels of P65, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and IL-1β and higher circulating neutrophils.
Compared to controls, IL-1 beta mRNA levels were increased in involved tissue from Crohn's disease (CD) patients, but not in histologically uninvolved CD or in ulcerative colitis (UC) mucosa.
We concluded that serum IL-1β and IL-1ra and to a lesser extend stool IL-1β concentrations may be useful prognostic factors in children with active and inactive UC over a short-term follow-up period, which may help to identify children that require more aggressive therapy due to an increased risk of relapse or complications resulting from UC.
In this study, qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence confocal microscopy were used to (1) assess the mRNA expression of <i>NLRP3, IL-1β, CASP1</i> and <i>ASC</i> in paired biopsies from UC and CD patient, and (2) the colonic localization and spatial relationship of NLRP3 and IL-1β in active and quiescent disease.
Our findings established a link between monocyte-like CD163-MNPs, IL-12, IL-1β and the detection of colonic memory IL-8-producing CD4+T cells, which might all contribute to UC pathogenesis.
In contrast, the combination polymorphisms between MCP-1 and IL-1beta can increase UC risk significantly, which might help us understand the molecular mechanism underlying the development of UC.
We recently demonstrated a role for IgG and Fcγ receptor signalling in driving pathogenic IL-1β production by colonic mononuclear phagocytes and the subsequent induction of a local type 17 response in UC.
A decrease in the ratio of IL-1ra/IL-1 beta produced regionally by the colonic mucosa of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) is believed to play a role in the pathogenesis of UC.
"[Exploration of the theory of ""Fei and Dachang being interior-exteriorly related"" from observing changes of inflammatory cytokines and oxygen free radicals in the lung tissue of ulcerative colitis rats]."